There is a crest of longer hairs at the neck, but length and texture of the fur vary from smooth (short or long) to coarse and short or long and silky. [113][114], Similar to the inherited genetic diseases of other breeds of animal (such as hip dysplasia in canines), a number of genetic abnormalities of guinea pigs have been reported.
Archbold Curator Emeritus Vertebrate Zoology and Mammalogy, American Museum of Natural History, New York City, U.S. All chinchillas currently in captivity are descended from how many chinchillas? [75] The condition may be temporarily alleviated by a human carefully removing the impacted feces from the anus. In severely affected animals, the affected areas may become infected, which can cause the animals to lose weight, have low energy, or run around the cage. They are social, living in the wild in small groups that consist of several females (sows), a male (boar), and the young (which, in a break with the preceding porcine nomenclature, are called "pups" not "piglets"). A rumbling sound is normally related to dominance within a group, though it can also come as a response to being scared or angry.
Shorthair breeds are typically brushed weekly, while longhair breeds may require daily grooming.[118]. [57] While they do not burrow themselves or build nests, they frequently seek shelter in the burrows of other animals, as well as in crevices and tunnels formed by vegetation. [86] Because their teeth grow constantly (as do their nails, like humans), they routinely gnaw on things, lest their teeth become too large for their jaw (a common problem in rodents). [19], From about 1200 AD to the Spanish conquest in 1532, the indigenous peoples used selective breeding to develop many varieties of domestic guinea pigs, which formed the basis for some of the modern domestic breeds. [6] Guinea pigs are called quwi or jaca in Quechua and cuy or cuyo (plural cuyes, cuyos) in the Spanish of Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia. A guinea pig named Rodney, voiced by Chris Rock, was a prominent character in the 1998 film Dr. Dolittle, and Linny the Guinea pig is a co-star on Nick Jr.'s Wonder Pets. [57] They tend to be most active during dawn and dusk (crepuscular), when it is harder for predators to spot them. This dates back to the early 20th century; the Oxford English Dictionary notes its first usage in this capacity in 1913. This behavior is common and is seen in many other animal species such as the elephant. [112], Guinea pigs are prey animals whose survival instinct is to mask pain and signs of illness, and many times health problems may not be apparent until a condition is severe or in its advanced stages. [176] An immunocompetent hairless breed was also identified by the Institute Armand Frappier in 1978, and Charles River Laboratories has reproduced this breed for research since 1982.
[47] Groups of boars often chew each other's hair, but this is a method of establishing hierarchy within a group, rather than a social gesture. tend to be most active during dawn and dusk (crepuscular), "tenjiku-nezumi - Meaning in Japanese | 天竺鼠 - Names of Animals in Japanese", "Multiple molecular evidences for a living mammalian fossil", "The associative processes of the guinea pig: A study of the psychical development of an animal with a nervous system well medullated at birth", "Ancient and modern steps during domestication of guinea pigs (, "Molecular systematics, taxonomy and biogeography of the genus Cavia (Rodentia: Caviidae)", "Domestication of guinea pigs from a southern Peru-northern Chile wild species and their middle pre-Columbian mummies", "Female Novelty and the Courtship Behavior of Male Guinea Pigs", "Health, Care, and Diet for a Guinea pig", Harkness and Wagner's Biology and Medicine of Rabbits and Rodents, 5th Edition, "En Suisse, les animaux domestiques doivent obligatoirement être en couple", "Severe Allergic Reactions to Guinea Pig", "Occupational Health and Safety for Staff with Substantial Contact with GUINEA PIGS", "Slogan Doctor Egg: 'You know where you are with egg, "Super Bowl Ads, Like the Game, Disappoint", "The current stage and future prospects of guinea pig production under smallholder conditions in West Africa", "Declaran el segundo viernes de octubre será el Día Nacional del Cuy", The origins and development of African livestock: Archaeology, genetics, linguistics and enthnography, Possibilités de développement de l'élevage du cobaye en Afrique subsaharienne: le cas du Cameroun, "Voluntary intake, chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of fresh forages fed to guinea pigs in periurban rearing systems of Kinshasa (Democratic Republic of Congo)", Analysis of the extent of human pressures and impact on natural forests of UNILEVER Tea Tanzania Limited (UTT). In the 1960s a modern breeding program was started in Peru that resulted in large breeds known as cuy mejorados (improved cuy). [161] In 1933, Consumers Research founders F. J. Schlink and Arthur Kallet wrote a book entitled 100,000,000 Guinea Pigs, extending the metaphor to consumer society. The feet have hairless soles and short sharp claws. [10], Many other, possibly less scientifically based, explanations of the German name exist. Make sure you enter the (*) required information where indicated. [101] Females can become pregnant 6–48 hours after giving birth, but it is not healthy for a female to be thus constantly pregnant.[102]. [43] When happily excited, guinea pigs may repeatedly perform little hops in the air (known as "popcorning"), a movement analogous to the ferret's war dance. [144] Subsequent university efforts have sought to change breeding and husbandry procedures in South America, to make the raising of guinea pigs as livestock more economically sustainable. Ngou-Ngoupayou, J.D., Kouonmenioc, J., Fotso Tagny, J.M., Cicogna, M., Castroville, C., Rigoni, M. and Hardouin, J. One proposed explanation is that the animals were brought to Europe by way of Guinea, leading people to think they had originated there. [8] "Guinea" was also frequently used in English to refer generally to any far-off, unknown country, so the name may simply be a colorful reference to the animal's exotic origins. Factors that increase the risk of infection include obesity, wire floor caging, poor sanitation, and injury. Coloration is extremely variable: the coat may be white, cream, tan, reddish or chocolate brown, black, or a combined pattern. While it is normal for guinea pigs to sneeze periodically, frequent sneezing may be a symptom of pneumonia, especially in response to atmospheric changes. [3] The animals are used for meat and are a culinary staple in the Andes Mountains, where they are known as cuy. To treat mites, your veterinarian will probably prescribe a powder or spray to be applied to your pet's skin or give your pet a series of injections.
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